Half a million people call the county home. Skip Navigation. Learn the latest about the coronavirus, its spread, and protective measures. Enter Search Phrase Search. Home Government Close. Putting Communities First. Curbside Collection Change for Yard Waste. Report Capital Improvement Projects. Land Use Information. How to Start a Business. Home Our County County History. County History. The first European settlers arrived in present-day Anne Arundel County in Cecil Calvert and his father, George, who died two months prior to the charter, envisioned the colony as both an economic enterprise and a place where fellow Roman Catholic royalists could escape the religious strife that was increasingly prevalent in England.
After the death of his father, Cecil Calvert was materially aided in his enterprise by his father-in-law, Thomas Arundell, first Baron Arundell of Wardour. A wealthy and influential Catholic, he was able to fulfill his dream of establishing a colony in North America through his son-in-law.
Cecil Calvert, whose patronage came exclusively from the monarchy, became understandably concerned about his ability to maintain control over his colony.
To solidify his position, he took several steps that would prove pivotal in the history of the Maryland Colony and what would soon become Anne Arundel County. Stone approached a group of nonconformist Virginia Puritans and offered them land and guaranteed freedoms in Maryland. In December of the first European settlement in Anne Arundel County was founded by these Puritans on the north shore of the Severn River opposite present-day Annapolis.
It was called Providence. Personal tragedy was also a part of for Cecil Calvert with the death of his beloved wife of twenty-one years, Anne Arundell. London Town was the original seat of County government.
From through , a series of religious, regional and political struggles occurred in Maryland. Mary's City. His goal was to reestablish the authority of the Calverts over Providence, but the Puritans decisively defeated the Governor's forces and gained temporary control of the colony. The General Assembly voted in to move the capital from St. Mary's City to "Anne Arundell Towne.
Annapolis became the economic, social and political center of the colony and the seat of government for Anne Arundel County. It remained the capital and seat of government when statehood was achieved on April 28, Providence and other European settlements throughout the Chesapeake colonies relied upon tobacco as their main cash crop. The soils and climate were favorable, but tobacco had several limitations which proved important in the history of the County.
It was a very labor intensive crop which forced farmers to rely on slaves and indentured servants. To meet the labor requirements, slavery was sanctioned by law in As crop rotation was not practiced during this period, the once fertile soils were rapidly depleted affecting the quality and quantity of the harvest. Even the most successful farmers suffered severe financial hardship during the periodic dips in the tobacco market and many marginal farmers were forced to relocate.
Nevertheless, the population of the County tripled between and from 4, to 12, During the period immediately following the Revolutionary War, Baltimore City with its superior port facilities became the economic center of the new state. Concurrently, the northern portion of the County began to develop an economy which was not based entirely on agriculture. Iron ore was mined starting in the eighteenth century.
Cecil and his father George envisioned the colony as a place where fellow Roman Catholics could escape the religious persecution that was then prevalent in England. Cecil Calvert, who never set foot in Maryland, tried to make the colony a prosperous and safe refuge for persecuted Catholics, investing a good deal of his own wealth. He sent his younger brother, Leonard, to the new colony in Leonard sailed with the ships Ark and Dove, and the colonists established a settlement at St.
Cecil Calvert became concerned about his ability to maintain control over his colony. To solidify his position, he took several steps that would prove pivotal in the history of the Maryland Colony and what would soon become Anne Arundel County. Lady Anne Arundel Baltimore died in , at the age of Cecil Calvert was distraught over the death of his beloved wife of twenty-one years. He outlived her by many years, enjoying a long retirement before dying in Middlesex on November 30, Governor Stone lured a group of nonconformist Virginia Puritans to Maryland with the promise of land and guaranteed freedoms.
In December of , the first European settlement in what would become Anne Arundel County was founded by these Puritans on the north shore of the Severn River opposite present-day Annapolis.
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